After many, many years, you will have some intuition for the physics you studied. 6,371,000 metersThe value, symbolized rearth, is equal to approximately 6,371,000 meters (6.371 x 106 m). Earth's diameter is simply twice Earth's radius; for example, equatorial diameter (2a) and polar diameter (2b). Its SIunit is m/s2. Mathematically, Earth is a spheroid. What is the radius of the earth equation? [Ultimate Guide!] Earth's rocky mantle and metallic core make it the densest planet, at 5.513 grams per cubic centimeter. For the Earth, the authalic radius is 6,371.0072km (3,958.7603mi). Earths Equatorial Radius to Meter Conversion TableEarths Equatorial RadiusMeter (m)0. Record the measurements. Measurement of Earths circumference has been important to navigation since ancient times. m. Earth Fact Sheet - NASA ( Image credit: Ayhan Altun) There are nearly 8 billion people (opens in new tab) living on Earth today, but our planet wasnt always so crowded. {\displaystyle r} Escape velocity = = 22.4 km/sec. Unless you know indoor location is available inside the geofence, assume that Wi-Fi . An international crew of seven people live and work while traveling at a speed of five miles per second, orbiting Earth about every 90 minutes. For information on the Earth, see the Earth Fact Sheet. So escape velocity = . After completing his doctoral studies, he decided to start "ScienceOxygen" as a way to share his passion for science with others and to provide an accessible and engaging resource for those interested in learning about the latest scientific discoveries. h is the transmitting antenna height above the ground,. f Online calculator: Earth Radius by Latitude (WGS 84) - PLANETCALC Since the estimate by Eratosthenes, many models have been created. ( to the plane tangent at University of Texas: Eratosthenese Finds Diameter of Earth, Partner in a distant location on about the same longitude or in the same time zone. A sphere being a gross approximation of the spheroid, which itself is an approximation of the geoid, units are given here in kilometers rather than the millimeter resolution appropriate for geodesy. The bulge had been decreasing, but since 1998 the bulge has increased, possibly due to redistribution of ocean mass via currents. Example 2. How Far Away Is the Moon? - NASA Space Place , For Earth, the volumetric radius equals 6,371. An arc of 1 degree on earth's surface is equal to how many - Socratic [clarification needed]. 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. All other parallels of latitude are small circles, each having a radius smaller than that of the earth, i.e. How do you solve for radius and diameter? det Subtract the angle measurements to determine the difference in the angle of shadows between the two locations. Overview | Asteroids - NASA Solar System Exploration 6.371 10 6 m . And we end up with 12.6 meters per second , Firearm muzzle velocities range from approximately 120 m/s (390 ft/s) to 370 m/s (1,200 ft/s) in black powder muskets, to more than 1,200 m/s (3,900 ft/s) in modern rifles with high-velocity cartridges such as the , Summary. The following equation estimates the ellipsoid radius ( r s ) using flattening ( f ) , geocentric latitude ( s ) , and equatorial radius ( R ) : r s = R 2 1 + [ 1 / ( 1 f ) 2 1 ] sin 2 s . Eratosthenes estimated Earth's circumference at about 46,250 kilometers (28,735 miles). He noticed that the difference in the angle of a shadow in his location at Syene, which is present-day Aswan in Egypt, and that of a shadow in Alexandria was about 7. Compute the radius of the Earth using the formula C (circumference) = 2 x pi x r (radius). Not all deformations originate within the Earth. As satellite remote sensing and especially the Global Positioning System gained importance, true global models were developed which, while not as accurate for regional work, best approximate the Earth as a whole. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. What is the formula to find radius of Earth? to have an oblate spheroid, the curvatures are. Regardless of the model, any radius falls between the polar minimum of about 6,357km and the equatorial maximum of about 6,378km (3,950 to 3,963mi). The first published reference to the Earths size appeared around 350BC, when Aristotle reported in his book On the Heavens(18) that mathematicians had guessed the circumference of the Earth to be 400,000 stadia. Use the protractor to measure the angle where the string meets the stick at the top. Have Bugged an area Rock to pay attention In on Earthlings? mpanderla95. The WGS84 reference ellipsoid is now just that, a reference ellipsoid (that is, its the ellipsoid used as a reference by GPS and related systems). Like a torus, the curvature at a point will be greatest (tightest) in one direction (northsouth on Earth) and smallest (flattest) perpendicularly (eastwest). Reviving Erastosthenes, 2022-year-old experiment using the angle of the sun to measure the radius of the Earth. Now we know 1km=1000m 5. E Let us calculate area of earth using this formula area=4x22/76370= 5.110 4. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The radius of a chlorine atom is approximately meters. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". More than 2,000 years ago Eratosthenes compared the position of the Suns rays in two locations to calculate the spherical size of the Earth with reasonable accuracy. Earth's polar radius is 3,950 miles (6,356 km) a difference of 13 miles (22 km). This length is also used as a unit of distance, especially in astronomy and geology, where it is usually denoted by R. r 4.23 x 10 7 m - 6.37 x 10 6 m . which is different from the precise result by under 1m (4105in) the mean of these two axes. It is 6356. 371 106 meters (Earth radius 6. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. . It does not store any personal data. K The Earths circumference is approximately 40,000,000 meters. = A consequence is that a distance to the true horizon at the equator is slightly shorter in the northsouth direction than in the eastwest direction. Using the curvature of the Earth relative to the parallel light from the sun, we can observe shadows at different locations on the surface of the Earth to find the Earths radius. In 1993 the WGS84 governing committee voted, with one exception, to retain the 1984 defining values, despite improvements to those defining values. Note that this arc is along a great circle. 2019 11:40, yfnal3x. Earth, on the other hand, isn't quite a sphere. Enchanted Learning. Record the distance between your location and your partners location. , which is defined to be 6,378.1km (3,963.2mi). Strictly speaking, spheres are the only solids to have radii, but broader uses of the term radius are common in many fields, including those dealing with models of Earth. Each of the models in common use involve some notion of the geometric radius. On solving the circumference of the earth we get 39,350 kilometres. Based on data taken by 183 high-school classes taking part in a global Year of Physics project, Appraise the Earth with Shadows, the radius of Earth is 6563 km, when compared to recognized value for that mean radius of 6371 km. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. ) is the distance from the center of Earth to a point on or near its surface. nasa.gov. The typical radius of the world is roughly 6. The geoid height variation is under 110m (360ft) on Earth. A few definitions yield values outside the range between polar radius and equatorial radius because they include local or geoidal topography or because they depend on abstract geometrical considerations. . The orbit is not a perfect circle. What is the permiter of the Earth? This difference is the geoid height, positive above or outside the ellipsoid, negative below or inside. Radius refers to a line that connects to the centre point of a circle to any point on its outside layer. Keplers Third law can be used to determine the orbital radius of the planet if the mass of the orbiting star is known (R3=T2Mstar/Msun, the radius is in AU and the period is in earth years). The radius of the Earth is 6371 km. [9] e While carbon dioxide gas is invisible, the very cold gas , Turbines produce noise and alter visual aesthetics. Well, the Moon is not always the same distance away from Earth. Because these measurements are not done with more sensitive equipment, the radius calculation will be only approximate. Added 2022-02-06 15:04:59 subject Physics by rsa072001. nasa.gov. Eratosthenes' methods result in a formula that would look like this: 39,350 = 2 x 3.14 x r, or 6,267 kilometers. Also see the Table of Physical Units and Constants. 3 Mathematics of Satellite Motion - The Physics Classroom The Earth's Gaussian radius of curvature at latitude is:[12]. 1999. As a consequence of this, the polar radius is closer to 6,356.7 kilometers. Earth radius is the distance from Earth's center to its surface, about 6,371 km (3,959 mi). The information were posted by senior high school classes all over the US, plus some in Canada and Mexico, employed in pairs. Ocean Worlds Resources. E What is the radius of the parallel of latitude? e This is roughly 6,371 kilometers (km) or 3,960 statute miles. As such, they are topographical geocentric distances, Rt, which depends not only on latitude. How did we determine the size of the Earth? When it's closest, the Moon is 225,623 miles away. [29] To settle the matter, the French Geodesic Mission (17351739) measured one degree of latitude at two locations, one near the Arctic Circle and the other near the equator. Earth Radius by Latitude Calculator Calculates radius and diameter of the Earth for a given latitude. Oceanic crust is denser and thinner and mainly composed of basalt. Explanation: The Earth's radius (r) is 6371 km or 3959 miles, based on numbers from Wikipedia, which gives a circumference (c) of c = 2 * * r = 40 030 km We wish to find the height (h) which is the drop in curvature over the distance (d) Using the circumference we find that 1 kilometer has the angle 360 / 40 030 km = 0.009. Please enter the latitude in decimal degrees, here you can convert coordinates. {\displaystyle w^{2}=\lambda ,}. Each pair measured the position from the sun, in the same manner the Greek philosopher Eratosthenes exceeded 2000 years back in Alexandria, Egyptby evaluating the size of an item to the size of its shadow, measured at local noon. Above we see an object with mass m attached to a spring. where may be the angular frequency, G may be the gravitational constant, and M may be the mass from the planet. He also shares personal stories and insights from his own journey as a scientist and researcher. {\displaystyle F=f=0} (a) Local topography increases the variance, resulting in a surface of profound complexity. => When indoor location is available, the accuracy range can be as small as 5 meters. The size of a frictional force is given by F, start subscript, f, end subscript, is less than or equal to, mu, R,FfR where R is the magnitude of the normal reaction force between the two surfaces and is the coefficient of friction between the two surfaces. Its the only planet with life. Earth's rotation, internal density variations, and external tidal forces cause its shape to deviate systematically from a perfect sphere. Use scientific notation to show the above value of the radius. How fast is the earth moving? - Scientific American Yes! In the third century B.C., Eratosthenes, a Greek mathematician, became the first person to mathematically calculate the diameter of the earth by comparing differences in the angle of the suns rays at two separate geographic points. This is the radius that Eratosthenes measured in his arc measurement. According to Newtons second law of motion, the acceleration of an object equals the net force acting on it divided by its mass, or a = F m . r where e2 = a2 b2/a2 and A is the surface area of the spheroid. Answer (1 of 3): First of all let us consider the shape of the earth to be a sphere. {\displaystyle {\mathcal {R}}_{\mathrm {eE} }^{\mathrm {N} }} At Baltimore, = 39.48o and the length is 111.16 km, nearly. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. How do you find the radius of a gravitational field? You have to use the distance from the center of the Earth, not the distance above Earth's surface, as the radius. The answer would be 695 500 000 m. Wiki User. F Physics, 22.06.2022 11:40, yfnal3x. At the equator, the radius of Earth is 3963 miles (Diameter = 7926 miles). {\displaystyle r=[r^{1},r^{2},r^{3}]^{T}=[x,y,z]^{T}} [2], For Earth, the volumetric radius equals 6,371.0008km (3,958.7564mi).[13]. The magnitude of the gravitational force between earth and an object is given by the formula. It is a physical constant which represents the most probable distance between the electron and the nucleus in a hydrogen atom in its ground state. The value for the equatorial radius is defined to the nearest 0.1m in WGS-84. A Mass (10 24 kg) 5.9722 Volume (10 10 km 3) 108.321 Equatorial radius (km) 6378.137 Polar radius (km) 6356.752 Volumetric mean radius (km) 6371.000 Core radius (km) 3485 Ellipticity (Flattening) 0.003353 Mean density (kg/m 3) 5513 Surface gravity (m/s 2) 9.798 Surface acceleration (m/s 2) 9.780 Escape velocity (km/s) 11.186 GM (x 10 6 km 3 /s 2) Place the loose end of the string at the end of the cast shadow and hold it taut. 191 mi) at the equator. Regarding this, what is the diameter of the Earth in scientific notation? = West can be exchanged for east in this discussion. in the second fundamental form for a surface (Equation (123) in[11]): e, f, and g are elements of the shape tensor: n to the plane tangent at What is the number in scientific notation? Since pi is an infinite number, the calculations in Step 6 will be more accurate. What is the radius of the parallel of latitude? A nominal Earth radius is sometimes used as a unit of measurement in astronomy and geophysics, which is recommended by the International Astronomical Union to be the equatorial value.[1]. Video advice: What is EARTH RADIUS? The Earths equatorial radius to meter (m) conversion table and conversion steps are also listed. [2] All three values are about 6,371 kilometres (3,959mi). 1 Earths equatorial radius637816 m1 Earths equatorial radius6378160 m2 Earths equatorial radius12756320 m3 Earths equatorial radius19134480 m5 Earths equatorial radius31890800 m10 Earths equatorial radius63781600 m20 Earths equatorial radius127563200 m50 Earths equatorial radius318908000 m100 Earths equatorial radius637816000 m1000 Earths equatorial radius6378160000 mHow to Convert Earths Equatorial Radius to Meter1 Earths equatorial radius = 6378160 m1 m = 1. What is the radius of the sun in meters? - Answers This section describes the common ways. r In the third century B.C., Eratosthenes was able to mathematically calculate the earths diameter by comparing differences in the angle of the suns rays at two separate geographic points. Testing, Testing: Space-Bound US-European Water Mission Passes Finals. The orbit of Earth ranges from 1.47 to 1.52 x 10 11 meters from the Sun. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The distance to the centre of the Earth has been taken as the volumetric mean radius of the Earth: 6,371km. 1. {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial r}{\partial \lambda }}} Earth's polar radius is 3950 miles (Diameter = 7900 miles). N r The distance between Syene and Alexandria is 787 kilometers, Eratosthenes used the ancient Greek measurement of stadia, but his calculations use the proportionality of angles between two locations, so any system of measurement will work. The radius of the earth's orbit is 45,000,000 meters. What is the Earth radius (denoted as R or The radius of a circle is the straight-line distance from the very center of the circle to any point on the circle. Chapter P, Problem 13E is solved. How to convert latitude or longitude to meters? - Stack Overflow The oblateness constant q is given by, where is the angular frequency, G is the gravitational constant, and M is the mass of the planet. It has an average density of 5.5 g/cm3. 6 m0. Do NOT follow this link or you will be banned from the site! While specific values differ, the concepts in this article generalize to any major planet. Who first calculated the radius of the earth? \text{Circumference} = 39,350 \text{\ kilometers}. Android: What Is The Minimum And Maximum Radius For Geofence r = m v 2 F c . A closed-form solution exists for a spheroid:[14]. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. What is the radius of the earth in meters? - Answers You can do this, too, by using his method. The structure of the Earths upper mantle can be derived from seismic waves. What is the Radius of the Earth? + B Asteroids range in size from Vesta - the largest at about 329 miles (530 kilometers) in diameter - to bodies that are less than 33 feet (10 meters) across. What is the radius of the earth? See answer. Since he knew the distance between the locations, he was able to determine the circumference of the earth, and therefore the diameter and radius as well. Solar System Homework #1 Answers - austincc.edu For example, if you stand at a point on the earth and move around the earth in a straight path, and reach the same point again, then the distance covered by you is the circumference of the earth. {\displaystyle p=N\cos(\varphi )} Gravity of Earth - Units of Measurement Wiki | Fandom {\displaystyle e} Because of the Earths rapid rotation, it stretches out the planet; this results in the South pole and North pole actually being slight closer than locations opposite on the equator because the shape of the Earth is not a spheroid (not a perfect sphere). Find the volume of Earth in cubic meters. What happens to the dry ice at room pressure and temperature? .[10]. Earths circumference is the distance around Earth. With \text {Circumference} = 39,350 \text {\ kilometers} Circumference = 39,350 kilometers. According to data taken by 183 high-school classes participating in a World Year of Physics project, "Measure the Earth with Shadows", the radius of Earth is 6563 km, compared to the accepted value for the mean radius of 6371 km. ) => When Wi-Fi is available location accuracy is usually between 20 - 50 meters. Step 3 of 5. Use a scientific calculator. Earth radius - Wikipedia example R = earthRadius (lengthUnit) returns the mean radius of the Earth using the length unit specified by lengthUnit. w and Thus, the surface of the earth at the. Mean radius of planet Earth - MATLAB earthRadius - MathWorks [13], Earth's authalic radius (meaning "equal area") is the radius of a hypothetical perfect sphere that has the same surface area as the reference ellipsoid. Whether you need help solving quadratic equations, inspiration for the upcoming science fair or the latest update on a major storm, Sciencing is here to help.
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